Living Well with Diabetes

Living Well with Diabetes: Tips for Thriving and Managing the Condition 

Diabetes, a chronic condition that affects how the body processes blood sugar (glucose), requires lifelong management. However, living well with diabetes is entirely possible by making healthy lifestyle choices, managing blood sugar levels, and seeking regular medical care. Here are some essential strategies to help maintain quality of life and avoid complications. 

Understand and Manage Your Type of Diabetes 

There are three common types of diabetes: 

• Type 1 Diabetes: An autoimmune condition where the body does not produce insulin. 

• Type 2 Diabetes: A condition where the body does not use insulin effectively. 

• Gestational Diabetes: About 3 to 8% of pregnant women develop gestational diabetes, but blood sugars usually return to normal once the baby is born. 

Management varies between the three, so knowing your type is essential for making appropriate decisions about medications, diet, and exercise. 

Consistent blood sugar monitoring is crucial. Whether you use a glucose meter or continuous glucose monitor (CGM), tracking your levels helps you adjust your daily routine, medication, or insulin as needed. Target ranges for blood sugar vary based on individual health goals, so always consult your healthcare provider to determine your ideal levels. 

Traditional Blood Glucose Monitoring (BGM) vs. CGM: Key Differences Explained 

How They Measure Glucose: 

• BGM: This traditional method involves using a fingerstick to draw a drop of blood, which is then applied to a test strip and analyzed by a glucose monitor. It provides a “snapshot” of glucose levels at a specific time. 

• CGM: A CGM uses a small sensor inserted under the skin to continuously monitor glucose levels in the fluid surrounding cells. It provides real-time data, updates every few minutes, and shows glucose trends over time. 

Accuracy and Limitations: 

• BGM: Often provides more accurate point-in-time readings, especially when calibrated well. 

• CGM: There can be a slight lag in CGM readings, as they measure glucose in interstitial fluid rather than blood. Most CGMs still require periodic BGM readings for calibration, though newer models are increasingly accurate. 

Convenience and Lifestyle: 

• BGM: Requires preparation, supplies (meter, strips, lancets), and a place to dispose of sharps. Some users prefer BGM because it’s simpler to understand. 

• CGM: Offers convenience with automatic, continuous readings and fewer interruptions. It’s especially helpful for people needing close glucose monitoring, such as those with type 1 diabetes or unpredictable glucose fluctuations. 

Not sure which one is right for you? Our Diabetes Education Program at Henry County Health Center is here to help patients create a lifestyle that supports proper diabetes management. Learn more here. 

Adopt a Diabetes-Friendly Diet 

The food you eat plays a crucial role in managing blood sugar. Here are a few key dietary recommendations from Joni McKay, RDN, LD: 

• Focus on Whole Foods: Prioritize whole grains, vegetables, lean proteins, and healthy fats. These foods offer slow, steady energy and avoid sharp blood sugar spikes. 

• Carbohydrate Counting: Carbs directly impact glucose levels. Learn how different types of carbs (simple and complex) affect your blood sugar. 

• Portion Control: Eating moderate portions can help prevent overeating and maintain a healthy weight. 

Stay Active 

Physical activity can help lower blood sugar levels and enhance insulin sensitivity. Tara McAlister, Master of Science (MS), Certified Exercise Physiologist (EP-C), Certified Yoga Therapist (CYT), a Wellness Specialist at Southeast Iowa Regional Medical Center, shares her expert recommendations: 

Exercise is important for the prevention, management, and treatment of Type 2 Diabetes as it helps to lower blood sugar levels without the use of insulin. When a person begins to exercise, a glucose transporter called GLUT 4 allows the glucose from the blood to enter the cells to be used for energy rather than being stored as fat. Regular exercise therefore helps keep the blood sugar more stable allowing insulin levels and inflammation to decrease. Both aerobic and resistance training exercises can facilitate this change. 

She said, “One thing to keep in mind is that your blood sugar may drop too much during exercise, so it is important to check it before, during, and after exercise. You may need to keep a carbohydrate-based snack handy should it drop too much. This is especially true for those who have Type 1 Diabetes.” 

If you are new to exercise, start at a low-to-moderate intensity because higher intensities make your blood glucose drop faster. 150 minutes of exercise is recommended each week with cardio done most days and resistance training done at least twice a week. 

Managing Stress 

Stress can elevate blood sugar levels, making it important to develop strategies for managing it effectively. Mindfulness techniques such as meditation, deep breathing, and yoga can reduce stress and promote emotional well-being. Regular physical activity, even light exercises like walking, can also help lower stress and improve mood. 

Building a support system by connecting with friends, family, or diabetes support groups can provide emotional encouragement. Prioritizing good sleep habits and maintaining a consistent routine can further help reduce stress and stabilize blood sugar levels. 

Experiment with activities that bring you joy, such as hobbies, listening to music, or spending time in nature. Remember, everyone’s stress-relief toolkit looks different, so find what works best for you and incorporate it into your daily life. 

Prioritizing Regular Checkups 

Routine medical appointments are vital for staying on top of your health. Besides monitoring blood sugar, your healthcare provider will check for potential complications such as heart disease, nerve damage, and kidney issues, which are more common in individuals with diabetes. Key tests to stay on top of include: 

• A1C Test: Measures average blood sugar over 2–3 months. 

• Blood Pressure and Cholesterol: Essential for preventing heart complications. 

• Foot Exams: Diabetes can reduce circulation and sensation in the feet, increasing the risk of infections and ulcers. 

Take Medications as Prescribed 

Depending on the type of diabetes you have, you may need medications like insulin or oral drugs to manage blood sugar levels. It’s critical to follow your doctor’s prescription plan and not skip doses. 

Support 

Living with diabetes can sometimes feel isolating, but connecting with others can help. Joining a diabetes support group, either in-person or online, can provide emotional support, practical tips, and a sense of community. Sharing experiences with others who understand your journey can make a significant difference. 

Staying Educated 

Diabetes management is an ever-evolving field, with new research and treatments emerging regularly. Staying informed about the latest advancements and best practices plays a vital role in the management of diabetes. Many healthcare providers offer diabetes education programs to keep patients up-to-date and empowered in managing their condition. 

At Great River Health, we offer a variety of diabetes education classes led by our specialized team, including a registered dietitian, a physical therapist, and a pharmacist. These classes are available as individual or group sessions and include: 

• Annual Diabetes Review 

• Continuous Glucose Monitoring Test 

• Medical Nutrition Therapy 

• Diabetes Self-Management Classes 

You might be wondering, Should I take a diabetes education class? Katie Westphal, BSN, RN, CDCES, program coordinator at HCHC’s Diabetes Education Program, recommends class for individuals who: 

• Have recently had an insulin or medication change 

• Need insulin instruction & education 

• Have experienced a recent increase in A1C levels 

• Struggle with frequent hypoglycemia 

• Are seeking personal or professional continuous glucose monitor (CGM) training 

• Want accountability and support 

These classes provide valuable tools and guidance to help you better manage your diabetes. 

Thriving with Diabetes 

While diabetes requires daily attention, it doesn’t have to define your life. With the right approach, many people with diabetes live active, fulfilling lives. Focus on what you can control and take things one day at a time. 

Living well with diabetes is a journey of ongoing learning, adaptation, and self-care. By maintaining a healthy diet, staying active, managing stress, and working closely with your healthcare team, you can lead a fulfilling and healthy life despite the condition. Remember, you’re not alone—millions of people successfully manage diabetes every day. With the right tools and support, you can, too. 

From diabetes education to nutrition coaching, fitness classes, and preventative screenings, there are endless ways to keep you and your loved ones healthy at Great River Health. Find out more by viewing our full list of health services.